What is a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL)?

A geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) is defined as a composite material consisting of a layer of bentonite clay sandwiched between two layers of geotextile fabrics or bonded to a geomembrane. This construction allows the GCL to effectively serve as a barrier to fluids, making it suitable for various applications such as landfill construction, containment of hazardous materials, and environmental protection. The bentonite clay provides excellent hydraulic conductivity properties, which helps in preventing the migration of water and contaminants.

In comparison to natural soil liners, GCLs are engineered products that offer consistent performance and enhanced impermeability. They integrate the function of traditional clay liners with the added benefits of geotextile materials, which can improve handling, installation, and overall performance. This distinguishes GCLs from simpler solutions like waterproof coatings or artificial turf, which do not serve the same purpose in waste containment and environmental protection.