Which process occurs in the presence of microorganisms and bacteria in oxygen-rich environments?

Aerobic decomposition is the process that occurs in the presence of microorganisms and bacteria in environments abundant in oxygen. In aerobic conditions, microorganisms break down organic matter efficiently, converting it into carbon dioxide, water, and biomass. This process is crucial in landfills and composting operations where maintaining oxygen levels enhances the breakdown of waste materials.

Aerobic decomposition leads to the stabilization of organic waste, reducing its volume and producing beneficial byproducts like compost that can be used to enrich soil. This process contrasts with anaerobic digestion, which takes place in oxygen-depleted environments. Thermal treatment and incineration are processes involving heat to reduce waste but do not rely on microbial activity or oxygen-rich conditions.